Forum Transcripts

Character Backstory: Why It Matters 12/17/04

Event start time:

Fri Dec 17 19:06:16 2004

Event end time:

Fri Dec 17 20:39:33 2004



Legend:
Questions from the Audience are presented in red.
Answers by the Speaker are in black.
The Moderator's comments are in blue.

mary rosenblum

Hi, all!

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

I hope you all are having a good holiday season ...

mary rosenblum

and not too frazzled by the rush-around-and-buy syndrome!

mary rosenblum

Next Friday being Christmas Eve, I don't think I'll do a formal Forum, but rather we'll just have an open 'salon' in the auditorium...

mary rosenblum

rather than doing the Q & A thing from up here on the stage.

mary rosenblum

A lot of folk will be busy, but if you're not, drop by.

mary rosenblum

Before I start talking about character backstory...

mary rosenblum

I did want to mention a really nice LR success story...

mary rosenblum

a student of mine named Melanie Snyder. She graduated about a year ago...

mary rosenblum

and started the problem with the aspiration to make writing her career...doing mostly nonficiton.

mary rosenblum

She was my guest last April, right after she had started selling.

mary rosenblum

Well she has now, in the last year, sold 68 pieces and is getting regular sales...

mary rosenblum

not quite ready to quit her day job, but headed firmly in that direction.

mary rosenblum

You really CAN do it if you are willing to learn and work and do what the market needs.

roe

super

mary rosenblum

It is. She works hard and pays attention to what editors want.

mary rosenblum

I'll probably have her back here as a guest to talk about pursuing that goal in reality.

dbamarsha

That's fantastic!

patchworkcat

Please extend congratulations from all of us!

mary rosenblum

I will. And what made her succeed, in my opinion...

mary rosenblum

is that from the beginning, she was willing to look at a magazine and ask herself what that editor was publishing...

mary rosenblum

and then suggest an article to suit.

mary rosenblum

Believe me, once editors realize you're a dependable writer, you get work. And better pay. :-)

mary rosenblum

And she is willing to do the hard work of struggling to break in, writing for poor pay, amassing clips, and slowly moving up the ladder of magazines from small to larger.

mary rosenblum

So take heart! It IS doable!

mary rosenblum

So let's talk about character.

mary rosenblum

And why backstory matters.

mary rosenblum

A lot of novice writers tend to evolve a character as the story unfolds...

mary rosenblum

By the end of the story, they know who their character is...but in all likelihood...

mary rosenblum

their character has acted inconsistantly at various times, only they miss it...

mary rosenblum

because those actions are what the plot demands...so they fit the PLOT...

mary rosenblum

but a reader is going to find that this person behaves unrealistically.

mary rosenblum

Each of us has a backstory.

mary rosenblum

And that backstory determines how we behave in various situations.

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor talking about character backstory. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

I think the best way to do this is to give a character two different backstories and see how that changes the character's behavior.

mary rosenblum

someone want to volunteer a quick character for us?

shayon-joseph

a young girl named Jazzmin is molested by her mother's boyfriend, she grows up, marries her high school sweet heart but treats him like dirt, and is unfaithful.

mary rosenblum

This is a good one, Shayon and comes complete with backstory.

mary rosenblum

And it's a nice example of why backstory matters.

mary rosenblum

Let's say we started with Jazzmin. The story starts with her marrying her sweetheart...and then she's awful.

mary rosenblum

She has affairs, maybe does pills or drinks, and has affairs.

mary rosenblum

How do your readers react?

mary rosenblum

Well, if she has a backstory of molestation, our readers will probably be able to see the wounded girl inside the socially unacceptable woman and end up...

mary rosenblum

at least sympathizing with her if not outright liking her.

mary rosenblum

But if she had a middle class upbringing, well off parents, and pretty much everything she needed, we are probably going to dislike her.

mary rosenblum

She has no excuse that we can understand for her behavior.

shayon-joseph

Reader, hates her, yet at the same time is understanding because of her past

mary rosenblum

Exactly. And if you're skillfull, you can create enough reader identificiation that we CAN"T hate her.

ejamortizer

They want to know more about her

bud

I'd wonder why she did these things

mary rosenblum

Yep, exactly.

mary rosenblum

And the backstory determines our feelings about this young woman.

mary rosenblum

Is it excusable behavior, can we understand it? Or is she just a spoiled brat?

eddie

so a characters behavior must be in context to thier past

mary rosenblum

Exactly, eddie. YOUR behavior is in context to your past every day. So is mine. If we don't do that, our characters are paper plot puppets, not real people.

wyrde

so it isn't enough to have a backstory in your mind for your own purposes, you must also communicate the backstory to the reader

mary rosenblum

Aha...there's the catch!

mary rosenblum

While character IS an iceberg and 80% is invisible to the reader, some of it must be visible...

mary rosenblum

if we don't know about that molestation, we'll think she's a spoiled brat, even in you know.

mary rosenblum

You can reveal that information later in the book and force us to reevaluate our feelings about the MC>

mary rosenblum

and that might be part of your purpose.

mary rosenblum

But if we don't know, we'll assume whatever we choose to assume and that is likely to be that she is just a spoiled brat.

shayon-joseph

But, reality dictates, WE have the power to overcome our past. There are no excuses for ill-behavior.

mary rosenblum

Well, we do, shayon, but not all people manage to do that. Believe me, I know many who never do!

mary rosenblum

And that is what fictional characters...the good ones...really are.

mary rosenblum

They are a mirror that lets us catch unexpected glimpses of ourselves .

mary rosenblum

Sometimes those glimpses are flattering (we love heroes!)...

mary rosenblum

and sometimes they are not flattering.

eddie

background revelations can change our opinions about them

mary rosenblum

Yes, indeed, eddie. And using reader automatic assumptions is one tool to do that...

mary rosenblum

suppose we meet our young woman and she seems like a pampered young wife...

mary rosenblum

who is nasty and out of line for no reason...

mary rosenblum

and we don't like her because her behavior is inexcusable.

mary rosenblum

But somewhere in the story, we have an intense scene, perhaps at a family gathering...

mary rosenblum

and we suddenly realize...uh oh...this girl has some really ugly past behind her...

mary rosenblum

and now we have to suddenly rethink our 'she's a brat' assumption.

mary rosenblum

And now we have to really LOOK at her.

shayon-joseph

yes but is that not cliche "oh, Mr. X struggles to give his kids everything, because his father was never around when he was a child" ......I see a savvy reader being very bored with that.

mary rosenblum

You do need to go beyond the cliche, shayon...

mary rosenblum

but you know how to do that? You make the characters real.

mary rosenblum

Then it is NOT a cliche, even if the situation is the same as the cliche.

mary rosenblum

Cliche's are two dimensional...they're a way of saying to the reader...

mary rosenblum

I don't want to take the time to create this situation, so I'll just drop in this template and we'll consider it good.

mary rosenblum

Only it's NOT good.

mary rosenblum

If your characters are real, with depth, it's never a cliche. Even if it's the old boy-meets-girl thing.

eddie

almost like a conflict template without depth

mary rosenblum

Yep, exactly.

mary rosenblum

You can find plot formulas that tell you how many conflicts you should have in a short story, how many positive and negative scenes...

mary rosenblum

sort of like paint by number.

mary rosenblum

Do they make a sound story? Sure.

mary rosenblum

Do they make a good story?

mary rosenblum

Not unless your characters are real and the interactions are real.

wyrde

in a sense, isn't cliche a dependable learned response on the part of the reader, that can be taken as a shortcut to a deeper dilemna, or used as a twist to shock the reader with an expected outcome of a classic cliche?

mary rosenblum

That's the right way to use cliche, or as I tend to call those...'reader assumptions'...

mary rosenblum

If we see pretty little girl with blue eyes, blonde hair, most readers go 'aaahhh.'.

mary rosenblum

That's an automatic assumption.

mary rosenblum

'she's sweet'/.

mary rosenblum

YOu can use those to shortcut a lot of detail OR...

mary rosenblum

as you said, wyrde, you can turn them back on the reader to not only surprise them when they find their assumptions are wrong...

mary rosenblum

but make them AWARE of those assumptions.

catydorr

as the author we can incorporate bits and pieces of our character as we go along so that eventually the reader gleams the whole thing right?

mary rosenblum

Yep.

mary rosenblum

One of the most common beginner mistakes is to try and cram the entire backstory into the first page.

mary rosenblum

Makes for a very boring start and a lot of telling.

mary rosenblum

We are good at catching clues and we are fairly patient..

mary rosenblum

if you keep feeding us clues we sort of hold that character 'open'...

mary rosenblum

we know he/she isn't finished yet and we keep adding those puzzle piece clues to the picture of the character we're building.

mary rosenblum

In the novel I just finished critiqueing for Alexis Latner a hard SF writer, one of her MCs definitely has a major traumatic event in her past...

mary rosenblum

and we KNOW that it's affecting her, but we don't get enough clues to figure out the whole story until half way through the book.

mary rosenblum

That's fine. We know we don't know everything.

mary rosenblum

But Alexis knew it, so her behavior is consistant with what we find out later.

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor talking about character backstory. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

Let's try a character with no backstory and give her a couple of different pasts now.

speckledorf

How about an older woman...a village wise woman...

mary rosenblum

Okay, that's a nice blank slate.

mary rosenblum

Let's create past number One.

mary rosenblum

She was apprentice healer to a very good healer, learned a lot, was the village healer until she got too old for the late night treks...

mary rosenblum

in the snow, but is still consulted on tough cases...

mary rosenblum

She has a past without a lot of personal trauma. But she had a husband she loved very much...

mary rosenblum

and who died young. So she has a definite soft spot for young men of his age at his death...

mary rosenblum

and perhaps is willing to take on a new apprentice who doesn't seem all that gifted, but looks like her dead husband...

mary rosenblum

and she might not even be aware of her own feelings.

mary rosenblum

But she is also very exacting about the perfection of her craft...

mary rosenblum

and therefore, the poor kid has a terrible time because he just doesn't have enough healing gift to do what he needs to, and she's never happy with him.

mary rosenblum

Her past has created this character conflict.

mary rosenblum

Okay, past number two.

mary rosenblum

No dead husband, or not one with such a profound influence on her.

mary rosenblum

So when the apprentices apply. Guess what. She doens't pick our young, not gifted youth. Why should she?

mary rosenblum

There are better candidates and she wants perfection.

mary rosenblum

So if your plot demands that she pick this kid, you'd better give her that first backstory!

shayon-joseph

she got her wisdom from her great grand mother before she died, great granny told her "she had the gift" but no one else believed

mary rosenblum

Aha, now there's a backstory that might also allow her to pick our not-so-gifted youth, shayon.

mary rosenblum

But in this case, that memory of what it felt like to be told she didn't have that gift might make her less critical of the kid who doesn't seem to do this very well..

mary rosenblum

She's willing to give him the chance others didn't give her.

speckledorf

And if there was in her past...a case she should have been able to cure, such as a child, the guilt would be a driving force in who she chooses also.

mary rosenblum

And that might make her again, not choose the kid.

mary rosenblum

If she failed to cure this person and still bears the guilt, will she choose an apprentice who is less gifted than others?

mary rosenblum

She owes it to the villagers not to let another healer fail as she did...

mary rosenblum

so she passes him over.

mary rosenblum

Again...it's all in the backstory. And the backstory determines that choice.

mary rosenblum

And if you want REAL conflict, then you put the last two backstories together!

mary rosenblum

She wants to give this kid the chance she was denied, but on the other hand, what if he fails and someone pays the price for it?

mary rosenblum

You've just created intense internal conflict within her if she does choose him.

wyrde

it seems apparent that making a backstory to cover the needs of your character's actions isn't difficult, so presumably, going back over a story and correcting that would not be difficult, I'm guessing that this would be easily missed in the editting process?

mary rosenblum

Of course you can go back and create the backstory that explains that action you need, wyrde...

mary rosenblum

I do it all the time...in fact, I'm doing it to a SF story I'm working on right now. :-)

mary rosenblum

BUT...it's not as simple as simply going back and planting a conversation, a flashback, or a scene.

mary rosenblum

Because when you create that new backstory and plant it, you have now CHANGED your character.

mary rosenblum

It is going to require subtle changes in the way that character deals with every event and every person...

mary rosenblum

and you need to revise the story with the backstory firmly in mind...

mary rosenblum

Okay, I now know this about my character. Would she really say this here? Would she do this? Or would she do that?

wyrde

yes, and when you write, you are not writing as your character, because you don't "know" your character... has permutations that permeate the entire work

mary rosenblum

spreak for yourself, wyrde. :-) By the time I write a story, I AM writing as my character. ..

mary rosenblum

that's why most of my 'writing' goes on in my head.

mary rosenblum

I have found over the years, that I get a much stronger story if I do know my character from the start. If I feel that I don't know the character completely, I simply stop and wait until I do.

mary rosenblum

Most of my stories go five to ten pages, then stop for days or weeks while I let the characters grow...

mary rosenblum

and then I revise the first few pages and continue.

mary rosenblum

It saves me a LOT of revision and makes for a story that is consistant characterwise.

mary rosenblum

This is one of the reasons that working on more than one project at a time is a good thing.

mary rosenblum

It's hard not to go ahead when this is the only piece you're working on.

mary rosenblum

But I"m lazy...and the least revision I can get away with is my aim. :-)

wyrde

even more than one novel?

mary rosenblum

Oh yes. :-)

mary rosenblum

Takes me a bit more 'backtracking' to get myself settled in that larger world, but works well for me.

mary rosenblum

I can't say often enough that characters are the key to powerful writing in fiction.

mary rosenblum

Plots are a dime a dozen and so are settings. The thing that makes the difference is reader engagement with the characters...

mary rosenblum

those are the stories that sell, that move readers, that reviewers praise.

speckledorf

What is the best way to plant the backstory that the reader needs to know? Dialogue?

mary rosenblum

Why not jump into the deep end, Wyrde? That's what I did. :-) You have to learn to swim REALLY fast that way!

mary rosenblum

Well, speck, dialogue is one way. If it's real dialogue and not just 'let's tell the reader about the backstory' dialouge...

mary rosenblum

and showing us clues is a good way, too.

mary rosenblum

Let's look at our spoiled brat/molested woman.

mary rosenblum

We could take her home for Christmas and watch her get tense and nervous...

mary rosenblum

and peek in on a scene in the kitchen where Boyfriend gets her in a corner. We watch this twenty five year old woman turn into a frightened eleven year old in front of our eyes...

mary rosenblum

and we know what went on. Nobody has to say a word about it.

mary rosenblum

And all of a sudden this is a different character.

mary rosenblum

In this particular case, people are not likely to talk about it.

speckledorf

Ahhhh....the old "show don't tell" the backstory trick.

mary rosenblum

Yep. always my method of choice when possible. :-)

mary rosenblum

Remember...readers are pretty good at picking up those scattered breadcrumbs of clues.

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor talking about character backstory. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

Let's do another character...here's another blank slate.

mimswriting

a homeless woman, Melody

mary rosenblum

Backstory anyone ?

shayon-joseph

has a PHD in science but is schizo

mary rosenblum

Okay, here's one.

mary rosenblum

And these are going to be lovely examples of the 'branching path' of backstory...

mary rosenblum

in otherwords, even answer leads to more questions, LOL.

mary rosenblum

Has a PhD..in chemistry, say, and is a schizophrenic out on the street. Good and interesting past.

mary rosenblum

OK...now the branching path that you will need to follow...

mary rosenblum

When did the illness strike, no friends?, how did she end up homeless, what about family?, what did she do to lose her job, how did she lose her house?, what was her homelife like, how did she go off meds?

speckledorf

Nursing home nurse that got fired

mary rosenblum

Again, a nice step down that branching path. How and why fired? Friends and family? How did she end up so alone that she's now on the street...

mary rosenblum

And so forth. In both these cases we are working backward...

mary rosenblum

starting with a point that we WANT...the homeless woman...

mary rosenblum

and creating a past that allows her to realistically exist.

mary rosenblum

If you START with the past, the person you create may not work in your story.

mary rosenblum

If you start with the character you want for your story and work back to create the backstory...

mary rosenblum

you get the character you want, and that vast backstory allows that character to be consistent throughout the story.

wyrde

she started making her own meds and messed it up

mary rosenblum

could work...you could step into the fantasy or SF realm there.

mary rosenblum

Peter Beagle did something like that.

forest elf

I've read about people with schizo that end up like that ... they refuse to take meds and can't be made to by family

mary rosenblum

Yep...but if you're going to use this character in a story...

mary rosenblum

you need to backtrack to find out the exact steps this woman took to end up on that corner.

mary rosenblum

There are many routes, but each route makes her a slightly different character who will react differntly to events and people...

mary rosenblum

as the story progresses.

info

homeless by choice

mary rosenblum

This is an interesting starting point because most people can't imaging wanting to be homeless...

mary rosenblum

so you need to creat the past that makes this woman comfortable only while without the comforts that we consider necessary.

shayon-joseph

Mary you've used the word "consistent" a lot. I understand what you're meaning by that (a character's actions are dictated by who and what they are) but, how do I do that, without boring my reader?

mary rosenblum

You're not going to bore your reader, shayon, unless your character is so simple that every reader can guess what he/she will do before he/she does it.

mary rosenblum

What that consistancy does is give you permission to shock and suprise your reader..without sacrificing your real character.

mary rosenblum

People do surprising and even shocking things every day. Read the newspapers lately?

mary rosenblum

They are real people. Their behavior is very consistant.

mary rosenblum

If we read about them in the paper, we don't know their backstory, so we assume they're real and the reporter didn't make 'em up...

mary rosenblum

(not always a safe thing to assume these days! LOL)

mary rosenblum

YOU know way more about that character than your reader...

mary rosenblum

so you can see that your character is going to blow up and get violent on page 25.

mary rosenblum

You don't let your reader see it coming, of course, but after the fact...

mary rosenblum

the reader looks back and thinks, 'yep, I should have seen that coming'.

mary rosenblum

Well, YOU didn't let reader see it coming, but it makes sense after it happens.

mary rosenblum

Do you see what I mean?

mary rosenblum

Real, shocking behavior leaves readers really affected.

mary rosenblum

Cardboard shocking behavior does not.

pan

How does character change come into play for a consistent character?

mary rosenblum

Usually, the character change is connected to backstory pan.

mary rosenblum

We change every day...

mary rosenblum

But we're still affected by our pasts... however, we can all change our point of view about something or someone..

mary rosenblum

or realize that we have been prejudiced, or learn that one of our life assumptions is maybe wrong...

mary rosenblum

tomorrow I will be a slightly different person than I am today...

mary rosenblum

because every day I process information and (hopefully) learn something.

mary rosenblum

The more past your character has, the more you know about how he/she will react.

mary rosenblum

Remember...you don't have to let your reader know before it happens...

mary rosenblum

as long as AFTER the action, the reader says, 'oh yes, I should have seen that coming'.

mary rosenblum

It's the same principal you use in mystery writing...

mary rosenblum

you are going to plant all the clues the reader needs to solve the murder...

mary rosenblum

but you're going to do your best to make sure Reader doesn't spot 'em.

mary rosenblum

AFTER the killer is revealed, we all slap our foreheads and say, "I shoulda guessed that! '.

wyrde

however, you talk about childhood experiences, but someone can be raised well, and turn out a rotter, or under frightful conditions, and be highly honourable... determinations of character have many factors

mary rosenblum

No kidding, wyrde. Doing characters really well is sort of like taking a graduate level psych course. :-)

mary rosenblum

You don't have to TAKE one to do characters well...

mary rosenblum

but you have to look at the underpinnings of something like 'raised well'.

mary rosenblum

Waht does that mean? Kid lived in a nice house, never got in trouble, got As, was on the football team...'.

mary rosenblum

What ELSE went on in that family? YOu don't have to see bruises to get damage.

wyrde

I meant loving, not merely advantaged

mary rosenblum

Well, realize, wyrde, that often what is reported in the media is just the superficial appearance.

mary rosenblum

Don't believe everything you read unless you yourself made it up. :-)

wyrde

husband died 8 years ago, she owns her own house near grand central station, she adopts child runaways and poses with them as a homeless family to increase the donations, the bank wants to buy her property as the last piece on the block and erect a skyscraper, willing to pay her an enormous sum, but she refuses

mary rosenblum

this is actually a really interesting story idea, wryde, and I think you should write it. :-)

mary rosenblum

Remember that you only have to show the reader enough backstory so that the reader feels about the character the way we want the reader to feel.

mary rosenblum

In the case of our young woman, we have to let the reader know about her past or reader will just despise her.

mary rosenblum

BUt if the past isn't needed to directly explain/justfy the story, then it's there to give your character consistancy.

mary rosenblum

It's the big part of the iceberg under the water.

speckledorf

A loving family could have a father that was a workaholic and was never home...that would affect kid..

mary rosenblum

Or who was a secret alcoholic and nobody admitted it, or who was very controlling and constantly belittled the kid in private...

mary rosenblum

or what have you.

catydorr

why does she refuse to sell the property--she seems money oriented

mary rosenblum

There are some seeming conflicts there...that's why it would be an interesting story.

mary rosenblum

Figuring out the whys would keep me reading.

mary rosenblum

And that's another good example of the why of backstory.

mary rosenblum

Without backstory, this is apparently a complete contradiction ...or several of them...

mary rosenblum

In this story, the backstory would carry the story as we...

mary rosenblum

unraveled the reasons for her behavior.

mary rosenblum

Without backstory, reader reaction would be along the lines of caty's question... huh?

wyrde

she is "possession-oriented"

mary rosenblum

House might be a huge metaphor for her... begging can get you money to live on...

mary rosenblum

dunno how the state let her adopt, but maybe they're just street kids who moved in...

mary rosenblum

You could explain it all if you work at it...

speckledorf

Home was her and hubby's...she is a romantic at heart:-)

mary rosenblum

Yep. You could make her a harmless and rather entertaining crazy...

mary rosenblum

who is maybe not the best home for those kids, but who might be their only home..

mary rosenblum

And it's an excellent example of why backstory matters, thanks!

catydorr

she's done the math and makes more money on the homeless kids

roe

maybe she killed hubby and buried him in the basement she'd be found out if she sold and they tore down house

wyrde

she is dirty and canny, but twisted, experiments with mind-altering chemistry

mary rosenblum

and these are all the 'dark side' backstories.

mary rosenblum

See how many different stories we got just by playing wiht the backstory here?

mary rosenblum

Well, this has been a fun Oregon hour. :-)

mary rosenblum

Take the time to think about who your character has been for the past decades.

mary rosenblum

It'll give you a much stronger character.

wyrde

what is an oregon hour?

mary rosenblum

It's the hour and a half that I do here...originally the Forums were only an hour long...

mary rosenblum

but I started running longer, since I usually couldn't answer all the questions in an hour...

mary rosenblum

thus the 'Oregon hour'. (I live in Oregon)

wyrde

and hours are longer in oregon?

mary rosenblum

ONly when it rains. :-)

pan

Thanks, Mary, this really helped.

mary rosenblum

Good, pan. I'm glad.

mary rosenblum

Really and truely, three dimensional characters will take you right to the top of the slush pile in fiction.

mary rosenblum

They are very rare.

mary rosenblum

It is the surest way to break in. Work on your characters.

mary rosenblum

Any editor will tell you this.

shayon-joseph

THANKS MARY---I NEEDED THIS. HAPPY HOLIDAYS ALL

mary rosenblum

Happy holidays, Shayon! Thanks for the good questions.

mary rosenblum

You all had a LOT of good questions tonight! Keep me on my toes! :-)

mary rosenblum

Have a good weekend, all.

mary rosenblum

See you Sunday at our regular casual chat...

mary rosenblum

same time same place, different day of the week!

mary rosenblum

I'll post the transcript in Writing Craft: Forum Transcripts.

 

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