Forum Transcripts

Prologues and Epilogues: Good or Bad? 8/27/04

Event start time:

Fri Aug 27 19:03:32 2004

Event end time:

Fri Aug 27 20:29:09 2004



Legend:
Questions from the Audience are presented in red.
Answers by the Speaker are in black.
The Moderator's comments are in blue.

mary rosenblum

Hi,all!

mary rosenblum

I hope you've had a good week!

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

Well, we have gone from summer plus -- 100 degrees -- to a week of pouring rain.

mary rosenblum

All courtesy of the typhoon that clobbered Taiwan. I'll pass on tropical storms, thank you.

chatty lady

Hi Mary, been awhile, too long. Thought I'd pop in and say hey to everyone. Missed the forums.

mary rosenblum

Hi, Chatty! We have missed you! I'm so glad you're back and feeling better!

mary rosenblum

I wanted to talk about prologs and epilogs tonight.

mary rosenblum

They are one of those 'fuzzy items'.

mary rosenblum

You can find LOTS of conflicting 'dictates' about their use if you start reading the 'how to write' books.

mary rosenblum

A lot of people want to know what they do, when to use them, and so forth.

mary rosenblum

Jackie, who couldn't be here tonight had a whole laundry list!

mary rosenblum

Why are prologs and epilogues used? Do editors especially like them? Do they really enhance the novel or simply give away too much of the story? Are they simply for extensive background leading into the story - inof the reader needs to be able to understand the flow of the piece?

mary rosenblum

I'll see if we can't answer all of the above tonight. Although she may not like some of the answers!

bravo6

I use a prologue in my novel to detail a mission in Desert Storm. This is the ONLY place this mssion is detailed and it gives a LOT of backstory to the characters attitudes and stuff.

mary rosenblum

Okay, so you put the prologue up front because you couldn't find any better place to insert the backstory.

mary rosenblum

That is a valid reason. As long as that prologue is as compelling as the start.

mary rosenblum

I had a submission to the writers workshop I did in Texas...

mary rosenblum

where the writer did just that...started a near future book with a prologue.

mary rosenblum

It was a backstory prologue that set up one aspect of this future universe.

mary rosenblum

Then her first chapter set up the part of the universe where her MC lived.

mary rosenblum

Now we have TWO backstory chapters back to back.

mary rosenblum

Guess what? The novel was off to a VEEERRRYYY slow start...

mary rosenblum

and it's unlikely that an editor would get to chapter three.

mary rosenblum

In this case, that prologue was a big liability.

mary rosenblum

So if your prologue is backstory, Bravo, hopefully it is either bang-full of action, OR your first chapter is!

bravo6

COULD have put it in the middle (Where it was originally) as a story being told by the MC in first person, But I ended up liking it better as a prologue. Ppl don't have to read it to get the feel for the characters (IMHO), but it CAN help them in other areas, iuf they want to. :-)

mary rosenblum

Well here we cut right to the double-edged sword nature of the prologue...and the reason there is such controversy over 'good' or 'bad'.

mary rosenblum

(And plenty of experts will pick one side or the other!)

mary rosenblum

If you have a slow prologue and a slow first chapter...you now have two slow chapters and if your plot doesn't start until the end of chapter one...

mary rosenblum

you have two chapters of back story. That may well be too long. Your browsing reader (or editor) may cut and run before the story picks up pace.

mary rosenblum

So pay attention to pace!

mary rosenblum

Remember...feed your readers a few clues and they'll wait for the rest of the story.

mary rosenblum

A lot of novice writers really want to stuff all the details of the world down the reader's throat right away.

mary rosenblum

Don't do that. We choke.

bravo6

- I have several "Get to know all the players" chapters, leading up to the murder. Could I just cut to the chase and make chatpter 7 (I thnk it is) and have the murder take place? Never showing the MC's attitudes towards family and life in general?

mary rosenblum

I sure would. 'Several' get to know chapters rings a whole bunch of alarm bells in my head, bravo...

mary rosenblum

unless you have a DRIVING bunch of subplots.

mary rosenblum

Remember...no reader will love your world quite as much as you do. They ALSO want something exciting going on!

mary rosenblum

Generally, background is much better threaded through the plot rather than dumped in a steaming heap up front!

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

patchworkcat

I used a prologue to introduce a major character who dies in the prologue. It's her death that sets everything in motion. Chapter One begins right after her funeral with immediate action.

mary rosenblum

That sounds good, patch. That is a familiar form in the mystery genre...

mary rosenblum

where we often get to see the murder happen, although we can't see the murderer.

mary rosenblum

Then the story opens with the MC at the crime scene, for example, or learning about the murder.

bravo6

It's just that I felt that people would just go "Oh, another ex-military dude wanting nothing but blood and guts" when really the MC is torn between what's right and what will give him vengeance.

mary rosenblum

YOu have to balance what the character needs to know with pace demands, bravo. That's the SKILL in this biz! LOL

mary rosenblum

BUT...that said..you should be able to show us a torn MC even as he fights for his life.

t green

i've noticed that many fantasy novels begin with a prologue (since i read extensive fantasy) and then the first couple chapters introduce the main characters and the conflict. The meaning of the prologue doesn't become clear until the middle or even toward the end of the book.

mary rosenblum

Right. That's actually the most common type of prologue I"ve read. I've used both kinds...

mary rosenblum

the 'show the murder' up front in one of my mysteries...

mary rosenblum

and a prologue in the current SF novel...if it remains...that will make sense later on.

mary rosenblum

One purpose of the prologue can be to whet the reader's appetite and that is often what these 'glimpse of the middle' prologues do.

mary rosenblum

You take a very dramatic scene out of context...a fight, a death..and you stick it up front.

mary rosenblum

oooo, we readers say. There's some cool stuff coming...

mary rosenblum

Well, those of us who READ prologues might say so.

mary rosenblum

Realize that so far, by my very unofficial pole of readers...about half don't even bother.

mary rosenblum

That has seriously made me rethink my use of prologues.

deb1234

I often find prologs boring and end up skipping over them

mary rosenblum

And there you have the proof, lol!

mary rosenblum

My suggestion is that whatever prologue you use, realize that many of your readers won't read it.

mary rosenblum

Put it there to provide _nonessential_ information. Put it there to tantalize.

mary rosenblum

But don't make it critical!

t green

i ALWAYS read the prologue!

mary rosenblum

And you're the other half of the crowd!

mary rosenblum

But I have been asking readers this past year and I"m surprised at the high percentage who say never.

speckledorf

What about flashbacks used as a prologue? Would that work?

mary rosenblum

Yes...that is a common practice.

mary rosenblum

We see the crime that motivates the revenge killer in vivid color...

mary rosenblum

then we open with the revenge killer and realize pages later what we saw in that prologue.

mary rosenblum

That's a common trope in thrillers and suspense fiction.

bravo6

So - with my Prologue in place,m I can take the OTHER backstory chapters out (as they stand) and do other stuff to show all of the players attitudes and intors. Cool. Thanks

mary rosenblum

Just remember, ravo, is that only half of your readers if that will read that prologue.

mary rosenblum

If you can cut to the chase in chapter two, maybe your prologue is better off as chapter one.

bravo6

That's the beauty of what I tried to do. If you WANT to know how these friends ended up knowing the central bad guy 15+ years ago you can read the prologue, otherwise you know about a group of freinds, all ex-militay, talking about a mission and haiting the bad guy. :-)

mary rosenblum

That works. And in a three page conversation we can learn a LOT about these guys. Probably all we need to know at this stage of the story.

smeagol

Mary what is the difference between having a prologue/epilogue story and a story with "bookends." (Remember you did a story on one of the chats about the "great chicken war" or something like that that had bookends.) Do the same rules apply for bookends as prologues/epilogues?

mary rosenblum

Bookends, or a frame is different than a prologue/epilogue.

mary rosenblum

A prologue is something that is inserted before the story starts...although the action itself may take place during the story.

mary rosenblum

An epilogue is a segment that comes after the conflict is resolved and the plot reaches the end. It is mostly used to tie up loose ends.

mary rosenblum

We find out that the street kid who helped the homicide detective got into college and graduated instead of selling crack.

mary rosenblum

That kind of thing. ...they lived happily or at least plausibly ever after...

mary rosenblum

A frame, or bookends, is simply a device to allow the story to be a single large flashback.

mary rosenblum

We have grandpa sitting at the fire with the grandkids who are whimpering at the thunder outside.

mary rosenblum

"Nah, this is nothin', he creaks. "Let me tell you about the big storm of 88..." And he launches into a first person account of his adventures...

mary rosenblum

and we quickly forget grandpa and are adventuring with our twenty year old POV. At the end...we dissolve back to Grandpa who chucklesand says...'Now that's why you should never be skairt of thunder...'

mary rosenblum

Our story is framed by the present, and takes place in the past.

ejamortizer

I agree with deb...depending on the author and their history

mary rosenblum

Well, the no reads are edging out the reads according to my poll.

mary rosenblum

So don't take your prologue too seriously!

mary rosenblum

And I have had editors who HATED prologues and didn't wan't em.

patchworkcat

So when writing a prologue remember to use a killer of a hook in the very beginning.

mary rosenblum

Well, I think you're more likely to get read that way, but you're still losing the readers who won't even look at the first page!

chatty lady

When you write an epilogue is it to be labeled as such.

mary rosenblum

No, chatty. Not at all. You can simply make it a separate chapter.

mary rosenblum

You make the time lapse VERY clear in the first sentence or two: 'Ten years later, Samantha was still smiling...

mary rosenblum

Or you label it. EIther way.

bravo6

I can make the prologue Chq , but then I have a 15 yr gap, and even though that may be acceptable, *I* don;t read books that do that! :-)

mary rosenblum

Yeah, with a 15 year jump, I'd leave it a prologue, bravo. I did that with my first sf novel.

mary rosenblum

Some people read it, those who didn't got what they needed to know in the story.

bravo6

So "bookends" would be like the Princess Bride where gramps reads the story to a sick boy?

mary rosenblum

Yep, exactly.

smeagol

I LOVE "Holes" by Sachar, but think the epilogue totally ruins the story. Are there special circumstances where a prologue is needed? How would you know when the reader needs more info. and when more info. will ruin the story or experience for the reader?

mary rosenblum

That's where readers will help you, smeagol.

mary rosenblum

We are never one hundred percent objective about our own work.

mary rosenblum

Especially when I'm writing mystery, I trust my seasoned mystery readers to tell me if I've given too much away.

t green

could you use an epilogue as a "hook" for the sequel?

mary rosenblum

Sure, t. Although I'd do it subtly. Me, I ALWAYS toss a little teaser for the next book in there. :-)

mary rosenblum

Why not? IF there's no next book, it's subtle enough it won't ruin the end of this book.

mary rosenblum

And if there IS a next book the readers are so impressed with that continuity! :-)

smeagol

But doesn't "Princess Bride" the book have an epilogue to it? Can't remember, been a while since I've read it. Could you have the grandpa both giving backstory and reading in the prologue, or does that really need to be a bookend?

mary rosenblum

I suppose you could frame a story that also has a prologue and epilogue, smeagol.

mary rosenblum

Remember, that frame takes us out of the story into a narrative 'present'. The narrator can tell the story, give it a prologue, give it an epilogue, and them you bring us back to the present.

mary rosenblum

They do different things.

mary rosenblum

The frame shifts the time/place

mary rosenblum

The prologue/epilogue add events connected to the story in front or behind the body of the story.

bravo6

Clive Cussler uses Prologues and Epiloguer almost ALWAYS.

mary rosenblum

It's a matter of personal taste. Me, sometimes I do, sometimes I don't. Mainly, I want to whet the reader's appetite and give the observant ones a little 'aha' cookie.

bravo6

- Oops. Hit Enter - Clive Cussler - He uses the Prologue for a shipwreck that happens 50 - HUNDREDS of years prior and the Epilogue to just give the MC a good pat on the back, job well done, kiss the girl and relax... :-)

mary rosenblum

Yep. Backstory up front...tie up loose ends after the end.

mary rosenblum

What epilogues are good for is keeping your grand climax moment from getting bogged down with all those loose ends you need to tie up.

mary rosenblum

If you just have too darn many to tie 'em without slowing that powerful climax/resolution, then add an epilogue and do it then.

mary rosenblum

I did that with some of the mysteries...maybe all,can't remember...because I couldn't resolve all the subplots in the climax chapter...

mary rosenblum

without killing the impact.

mary rosenblum

The main thing to remember is...your book must work without the prologue.

mary rosenblum

I haven't queried readers about epilogues. Me, I just make it the final chapter, and there is a big time jump.

smeagol

Is there a suggested length for prologues/epilogues if you use them? Is it the shorter the better?

mary rosenblum

SHORT!

mary rosenblum

Up front, you want to 'cut to the chase' and get into the novel plot. If you have a LONG prologue and a long first, set-up chapter, you may lose your readers.

mary rosenblum

AS to the end, you can go longer, since by then, hopefully the readers care about the characters and want to find out what happened to all of 'em.

mary rosenblum

BUT...I wouldn't do it even as long as your average chapter. You don't want readers bailing before they hit [the end]

info

The movie 'The Fog', isn't the old man doing a epilgue in

info

the beginning?

info

I mean a prologue

mary rosenblum

Can't help you info. I am the worlds worst movie watcher. I don't.

mary rosenblum

Too many books to read yet...

mary rosenblum

But it is a technique that is used in movie.

bravo6

If the Prologue is chapter length, but I cut to the chase (The murder right at chapter 1 and just a few paragrpahs in) would that work? I have whittled the prologue down all I could, but a realistic mititary op just AIN'T going to be a rush in a bang, we win. It's going to have to have detailed battles with losses on BOTH sides! :-)

mary rosenblum

bravo it's just about impossible in a forum like this to say, 'do this' 'don't do this'. It simply has to work.

mary rosenblum

I can say that something sounds to me as if it won't work...but when I see it on the page, it might work very well.

mary rosenblum

You just have to give it to readers, and AFTER they read it, then ask the pointed questions.

mary rosenblum

Did you read the prologue? What was it about.

mary rosenblum

THAT is a telling question right there. Don't tell them there'll be a quizz ahead of time either. Just let

mary rosenblum

'em go at it.

mary rosenblum

Then take the ms away and administer quizz.

mary rosenblum

As if they liked it. Ask if they wanted it to be shorter? Longer?

mary rosenblum

Ask where they really got into the story...another VERY telling question.

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

Jackie asked if editors like Prologues and Epilogues.

mary rosenblum

They tend to have strong feelings about 'em. Some love 'em. Some hate 'em.

mary rosenblum

If they don't want the prologue you'll fight about it in the editing process.

mary rosenblum

It won't cost you a sale...unless...your prologue is boring and your first chapter is boring.

mary rosenblum

Then your editor figures you write boring and returns the ms before reading chapter three.

mary rosenblum

If you want to put a prologue on your piece, do it.

mary rosenblum

Make sure that your first chapter is strong and really propells us into your universe and you won't hurt yourself at all.

mary rosenblum

It can be a nice extra hook, if you use something really vivd and dramatic.

mary rosenblum

And it can add to the story...for those who read it...if your first chapters aren't that dramatic...no fight scenes or murders.

mary rosenblum

Now you CAN do it in short fiction, too.

mary rosenblum

But if you're going to do it in a short story, make it VERY short.

mary rosenblum

Readers do read the prologue in a short story.

mary rosenblum

You can do it as a simple scene with a line break and then start your main story.

mary rosenblum

Or, if your story is fairly long, say over 10,000 words...

mary rosenblum

you can label it Prologue and then label your scenes the way you would label chapters...

mary rosenblum

either with numbers or headers.

mary rosenblum

That can actually be an eyecatching way to format your long story.

mary rosenblum

It seems to work better if you have pretty strong and dramatic scene breaks...or do a lot of POV shifts.

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

I think we've sort of run out of questions on prologues and epilogues. :-) Any other questions you'd like me to try and answer?

realityczech

What is your opinion regarding chapter titles? What do editors think of them?

mary rosenblum

I love 'em, personally, and am envious of the person who can come up with not just ONE good title, but fifteen or twenty five! Wow!

mary rosenblum

I think most editors are fine with 'em. If they're not, they'll ask you to remove 'em don't worry.

mary rosenblum

Things like prologues and chapter titles for the most part aren't going to cost you a sale.

mary rosenblum

Well, the prologue if it is long and boring, followed by a long and boring chapter one...

mary rosenblum

Remember that the editor is looking for a powerful story that will sell millions of books.

mary rosenblum

Ms Editor can fix things like chapter titles and prologues.

mary rosenblum

They are window dressing.

mary rosenblum

she will read for power and story....and strong writing.

mary rosenblum

Mostly, your first chapter or two will sell your book...or not.

mary rosenblum

I hear that over and over from editors I know.

mary rosenblum

Go to the writing panels at conferences and you'll hear the same thing.

patchworkcat

Is there a general rule about chapter length?

mary rosenblum

Chapter length is probably THE most frustrating issue in writing!

mary rosenblum

No, there are NO rules.

mary rosenblum

Drove me NUTS when I finally tackled my first novel.

mary rosenblum

It is entirely up to you. It is a very good place to switch POV.

mary rosenblum

Try not to switch it in the middle of a chapter.

mary rosenblum

YOur chapters do not all have to be the same length. They will vary some...

mary rosenblum

and a very short chapter...a page or two...highlights the importance of the scene.

mary rosenblum

I have seen some one sentence long chapters.

mary rosenblum

They worked.

mary rosenblum

Chapters allow your reader a place to pause.

patchworkcat

Would it make sense to just write the story and then come back later and figure out where to put in the Chapter breaks?

mary rosenblum

You could do that. They have a practical advantage, too, patch.

mary rosenblum

You can create a separate file for each chapter.

mary rosenblum

Saves you from working with a 350 page long single document!

patchworkcat

That's true. I've been doing that. I suppose in the initial stage those Chapter beginnings and endings are written in stone. They can be changed in the rewrite.

mary rosenblum

Nothing is written in stone, patch. I routinely move chapters around, delete, insert new ones, rename...

racemup

My instructor advised me to change the name of my MC,

mary rosenblum

You know, I rarely do, because once you name a character that is part of the reality of the character...

mary rosenblum

But I do occasionally. Had a writer in the workshop with a character named...Chito.

mary rosenblum

I head Cheeto after the second paragraph!

mary rosenblum

And it wasn't a humorous story. Suggested a different name there. Giggles at the wrong place are not desirable!

mary rosenblum

I had to change one AFTER I had completed the first draft of my first novel..was the main character!

mary rosenblum

Found out that a SF fan in Seattle had the same name! Taht was way too close to home for comfort...

mary rosenblum

so I reluctantly changed it. Took me a long time to think of him by the new name.

racemup

Christian Longo. Must I change the name of his victims, too

racemup

and the names of places?

mary rosenblum

Oooh. That's a toughie, race. The 'true crime' people use real names all the time.

mary rosenblum

The fine legal line of liable and public domaine is the turf of a lawyer. You might go read the transcript of my interview of Daniel Stevens,. He's a publishing lawyer and he talked about this a lot.

patchworkcat

I mean are not written in stone

zany

In the course of LRWG with individual instuctors wouldn't different instructors having different viewpoints teach differently on writing how would you know if you have the right instructor?

mary rosenblum

Well, you'll know, zany. You and your instructor won't work well together. LR really tries to match student to instructor, but at times...

mary rosenblum

it doesn't click.

mary rosenblum

If you are routinely not happy and don't agree with what your instructor has to say...

mary rosenblum

talk to Student Services or Counselor Services. You can get another instructor. :-) I pick up...

mary rosenblum

a lot of transfers who decide after the course starts that they want to write in a genre their instructor knows nothing about...say SF.

mary rosenblum

So they get transferred to me, because I can help them with their SF stories.

zany

not that i am not happy but sometimes wonder what another instructor would say about my writing thanks

mary rosenblum

Well, everybody will say something slightly different about your writing, zany. That's were a good critique group helps.

mary rosenblum

You get a range of comments and opinions.

realityczech

So what kinds of things (character names, chapter titles, prologues, etc.) are editors open to arguing about? Where should we as writers put our foot down and where should we give in?

mary rosenblum

Most editors are pretty flexible about everything, reality.

mary rosenblum

Editors are not there to rewrite your story. If they could do that they would be writers.

mary rosenblum

But they are there to help you make this story as strong as it can be.

mary rosenblum

And they are experienced. Mostly they tighten prose...take out words without changing content.

mary rosenblum

But they will also catch logic flaws and tell you where your story seems weak, or your characterization seems flawed and so forth...

mary rosenblum

and ask you to perhaps make specific changes to those places.

mary rosenblum

Generally, I get a list of questions back from the editor about details on specific pages.

mary rosenblum

It might be a blue Ford pickup when the same character drove a blue Chevy pickup a hundred pages back...

mary rosenblum

or a climax scene that seems to rush past too fast.

mary rosenblum

You make changes and send them back with the pages you changed.

mary rosenblum

I've learned a lot from working with editors.

mary rosenblum

Jim Turner, editor of my Arkham House story collection REALLY taught me a lot.

mary rosenblum

We argued about a lot of points. Sometimes he was right, sometimes I was right.

mary rosenblum

He was the one who put finger on the...lessee..about the fourth story I had published and told me...

mary rosenblum

this is where you figured out how to write a story. And he was right! That was EXACTLY the story where I thought...Hey, I get it. I know how to DO this now!

mary rosenblum

I really miss him. I'd love to do another collection with him.

mary rosenblum

Ellen Key Harris, editor of my first SF novel taught me how to write tightly.

mary rosenblum

I thought I already did!

mary rosenblum

She could take about 20% of the words away and I couldn't tell what was missing.

mary rosenblum

Guess I didn't need 'em.

mary rosenblum

I'd had poor editors, too.

mary rosenblum

They don't do much except catch typos.

mary rosenblum

But mostly they have been good.

mary rosenblum

Well, we've about used our our Oregon hour. Any last questions?

mary rosenblum

I'll be at the World SF Convention from Sept 1 - Sept 7.

mary rosenblum

It shouldn't affect the Forums. I'll make the casual chats as often as I can.

patchworkcat

Not a question, just a comment. This has been really helpful this evening. Thanks!

mary rosenblum

Glad it helped, patch!

mary rosenblum

See you all Sunday for our casual chat, same time same place!

mary rosenblum

For newcomers, that's where we get together and just talk about writing, brainstorm stories, or what have you.

mary rosenblum

It's lots of fun. Do join us!

realityczech

where is the world SF convention being held?

mary rosenblum

Boston this year, reality. The Fleet Center.

mary rosenblum

I'll post the transcript of the Forum in the usual place:

mary rosenblum

Writing Craft: Forum Transcripts. Have a great weekend, all!

catydorr

Very informative mary thank you

mary rosenblum

Glad it helped. Good night all! See you Sunday!

 

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