Forum Transcripts

Writing the Action Scene 9/10/04

Event start time:

Fri Sep 10 19:06:42 2004

Event end time:

Fri Sep 10 20:31:05 2004



Legend:
Questions from the Audience are presented in red.
Answers by the Speaker are in black.
The Moderator's comments are in blue.

mary rosenblum

Hello, all!

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

I have reset my watch so many times as I traveled across time zones this past weekend...

mary rosenblum

that it turned up five minutes slow!

mary rosenblum

Ooops.

mary rosenblum

I hope you all had a great week and a nice holiday, those of you in the states

shoutjoy

so what is the topic tonight?

mary rosenblum

It's on writing strong action scenes, shout.

mary rosenblum

For those of you who might not have signed up for the e updates, if you do, you'll get an email notice of the Forum topics, as well as guest appearances...

mary rosenblum

and my 'every other week' email update.

mary rosenblum

That includes sales by website folk and new articles posted on the website.

shoutjoy

I am working on a story about my dad what caused his death, hunting trip, crossing lake, bad storm, missing, lake freezes over, continue search in spring. it's true!

mary rosenblum

That kind of personal narrative really sells well, shout. Good luck with it.

barbg

Do shorter sentences make the action more suspenseful?

mary rosenblum

They do, barb.

mary rosenblum

Shorter sentences are used to tighten the pacing and make the action seem more hurried and less leisurely.

mary rosenblum

But they need to be used for fairly short periods of time, or you will 'desensitize' your reader and the story will have a choppy unpleasant feel.

mary rosenblum

It's not enough to simply take a boring scene and chop all the sentences into short pieces!

mary rosenblum

There are a number of things that make an action scene SEEM like an action scene.

mary rosenblum

Believe me, I've read plenty of fight scenes that made me yawn and nod off.

mary rosenblum

That is NOT the effect you intend, believe me!

smeagol

Mary, what tips can you offer to someone who really doesn't do "battle scenes" well, but is working on a fantasy novel where there are, alas, several battle scenes? I'm re-reading LOTR, but I find some of the battle scenes in there to run on too long and get a bit boring :-(

mary rosenblum

First of all, a general caveat.

mary rosenblum

Do NOT use JRR as a template for how to write well.

mary rosenblum

He is a phenomenon.

mary rosenblum

But many of the techniques he used generally are poor choices for compelling fiction. Yes, he pulled off a masterwork...

mary rosenblum

but if you can't do as well or better than he did...don't copy him!

mary rosenblum

In many respects, he is one of those exceptions that prove the rule.

mary rosenblum

He did many things that are VERY hard to make work. And he made them work. But will YOU make them work? Maybe. Maybe not. There are easier ways to accomplish your goals, most of the time.

mary rosenblum

As to writing good battle scenes...battle scenes vary widely. Do you need a cinematic scene where we watch the entire battle of Gettysburg from a distance?

mary rosenblum

Or do you want to see that battle from the field, from the POV of a soldier?

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

roe

so what is the best way to write an action scene

mary rosenblum

Well, there are many ways, but the overall rule is ...big shock here, brace yourselves... mimic reality.

twhorn

As with JRR, who seems to have invented his own genre, it would seem better to stay with the general rules unless you can do the same thing?

mary rosenblum

Yes, twhorn. Remember that there are many writers who do things that every writing book will tell you NOT to do and make them work.

mary rosenblum

BUT...that does not mean YOU will make them work. So just because Hemingway did it that way, will YOUR work be as strong if you write like him?

gail

I'm writing an action-adventure story in limited third person. But, this POV is giving me grief in the action scenes. Could I use the Cinematic POV during those scenes or would it destroy the deeper charactization I'm striving to develop?

mary rosenblum

No, Gail it won't.

mary rosenblum

Cinematic...writing as if you are a camera lense...is often the best way to preserve characterization in that type of scene.

mary rosenblum

Hang on a minute and let me post smeagol's question here because they bear on each other...

smeagol

BUT, what if you've never been in a "battle," then how do you mimic reality well if it is outside of your field of experience?

mary rosenblum

These two questions are connected. Why does cinematic preserve characterization and how can you mimic reality if you've never seen a battle.

mary rosenblum

The reality you mimic, and the one that cinematic can help preserve...is the lense of POV.

mary rosenblum

As to a real battle...very few of your readers have seen a battle other than on the screen either, smeagol.

mary rosenblum

If you are writing military fiction, then yeah, you'd better start reading books on tactics because that will be important.

mary rosenblum

If you are writing a battle scene as knights or elves or what have you clash...

mary rosenblum

battles are pretty chaotic. If your POV is not telling the troops what to do, then all you need to convey to the reader is the sense of the battle.

mary rosenblum

If your POV IS the general or king or military commander, than you do need to read books on military tactics of the era you're writing about.

mary rosenblum

BUT...the reality you mimic, as I said, is the POV lense.

mary rosenblum

And this is what can ruin a battle scene if you stick to your POV character.

shoutjoy

POV?

mary rosenblum

Point of View character, shout. The person through whose eyes and ears we learn the story.

mary rosenblum

In third person, we are seeing through out character's eyes and hearing with his or her ears.

mary rosenblum

In first, our POV is telling us what is going on.

mary rosenblum

So you need to think about what is going on in your character's mind.

mary rosenblum

The scene I see all too often is the one where the POV character, while busily fighting for his life, notices the budding oak leaves overhead...

mary rosenblum

hears the trill of a bird, notices how they are trampling the grass....

mary rosenblum

Now I used to fence. We weren't even using sharp weapons, but let me tell you that when I was facing an opponent with a sword, an elephant could have been refereeing and it would have taken me awhile to notice it!

mary rosenblum

If I was facing a REAL sword that could slice a chunk out of my liver, you BET I'd overlook that elephant, never mind the oak leaves and squashed grass!

mary rosenblum

The details not only ruin the characterization...yeah, SURE he was thinking about his girlfriend....

mary rosenblum

but they also slow down the sense of life and death action. In real life, we shut out those details in a time of life and death reaction.

mary rosenblum

We are BUZZED with adrenalin. When your character behaves as if she is out on a Sunday stroll, our picky hind -brain knows that she is not fighing for her life no matter how many times the author insists she is.

smeagol

In the Fantasy/Sci-Fi world, who does battle/action scenes well? Any authors you can suggest for a sample?

mary rosenblum

Actually, it's too bad galatyne isn't here.

mary rosenblum

I think he's more of an expert on good fantasy battle scenes than I am. Drop into one of the casual chats and ask him. :-)

mary rosenblum

But any of the well respected Fantasy writers do pretty decent battle scenes.

shoutjoy

I like Terry Brook's Shanara series, good action scenes

mary rosenblum

He's good. Zelazny, Bradley, lots of others.

t green

try Dennis McKiernan for fantasy. The Iron Tower trilogy or the Silver Call duology

joanc

What about writing about a crime scene.

mary rosenblum

Hi, joan. Well a crime scene is a more low-key type of action...no swords...

mary rosenblum

but as a mystery writer, I can tell you that those scenes need to be charged with tension and the action needs to be dramatic...

mary rosenblum

Again, here you mimic reality.

mary rosenblum

Too many novice writers tend to pull back and describe all strong action scenes cinematically.

mary rosenblum

Now I just got done saying that this is often the right choice and it can be.

mary rosenblum

If you need your reader to see all the details in a large landscape, then cinematic is probably your best bet...BUT...

mary rosenblum

at a crime scene, whether we are dealing with the violence of a murder or the taut action of the detective after the fact...

mary rosenblum

you get much better reader reaction if the reader is IN the scene rather than OUTSIDE it.

mary rosenblum

To do that, you put that reader firmly into your POV character's perspective. If your POV is in a fight, we see the situation through his eyes.

mary rosenblum

All perceptions are filtered through his or her awareness. The language is very spare, very terse, almost choppy.

mary rosenblum

Things are happening fast, that rhythm tells us; bang, bang, bang.

mary rosenblum

Remember...when you are stressed, you don't notice a lot of trivial detail so don' t put them in.

mary rosenblum

In a fight, your POV is watching for the next attack, looking for an opening, not thinking coherently at all, more than likely, just acting and reacting.

smeagol

To write good "evil" or "evil characters" it is helpful to understand the dynamics of power, what should a writer know or understand to write realistic battle scenes?

mary rosenblum

There are many levels of 'battle scene' smeagol. You may need to know what motivates the serf who had no real choice about going to war for the Duke..

mary rosenblum

and is out there with a blunt sword and a belly full of terror.

mary rosenblum

Or through the king who is thinking in terms of future political alliances and not burning the mill that will be very useful to grind grain from the captured land.

mary rosenblum

Again...depends on your POV character as to what you need to know and think about.

gail

How should I handle moving from my character's POV to the Cinematic -- with a typical scene break?

mary rosenblum

That's the way I usually do it, gail. Use a scene break, the put your camera eye up in the sky and start describing the battle.

mary rosenblum

At the end, do another scene break and drop us back into your POV character. I try to end my cinematic view at the place where my POV just happens to be.

red 1

I finally made a forum... in combat we call that tunnel vision. You get completely focused on specific points on the battlefield and don't pay attention to what's going on around you. The more rank and experienceyou have, the more you tend to be aware of larger parts of the battlefield.

mary rosenblum

That's exactly right, red 1! That serf only knows or cares about the guy in front of him with the pike.

mary rosenblum

The Duke is worrying about whether the archers in the woods will stop the attack on the flank...

mary rosenblum

In a one-on-one fight, again, you have tunnel vision.

mary rosenblum

You really don't pay any attention to anything but that opponent.

mary rosenblum

If you do...you won't be in the fight long! LOL

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

gail

Great life experience -- fencing. Especially for a SF&F writer! :)

mary rosenblum

Actually, if you are ever going to write sword fights, I highly recommend that you sign up at your local Y for a six week fencing class.

mary rosenblum

You'll have a lot more hands-on knowledge of edged weapons with even that much practice.

shoutjoy

that is not good? back ground sensitivities? smells, sounds, what is felt?

mary rosenblum

That is only good, shout, when your character is not fighting for his life.

mary rosenblum

Believe me, he or she is not sightseeing while life and death are in the balance.

mary rosenblum

When she pauses to rest, or he collapses exhausted afterward, THEN the sight, smell, sounds will come crashing in.

shoutjoy

but as a backflash, or "seeing ones life go by" before sensing dying?

mary rosenblum

Yes, you can do that, but again, we're not fighting for our lives here....we've lost!

mary rosenblum

Plenty of time to notice things before the end...

coway

so in battle scene or any scene where there is lot of action the POV can which to this cinamatic view, briefly, if not too often? Is this correct?

mary rosenblum

I would do it VERY rarely, coway.

mary rosenblum

And I would ONLY do it when you have a large landscape to cover so that no POV can see it for us.

mary rosenblum

In a one on one fight, or a small clash, I'd stick with your POV character.

mary rosenblum

Cinematic action scenes simply lack reader engagement. Our beloved POV isn't there, so we don't care nearly as much as we would if we were there with her as she fights.

mary rosenblum

You are nearly always better off to stay with your POV, but occasionally, we need the big picture and cinematic will give it to us.

scoobysnax21

How can you keep from switching fromthe differant voices?

mary rosenblum

When, scooby? If you're asking about cinematic...that is when you are in NO point of view character, so it is straightforward exposition in the author's voice.

ashton

cinematic POV is a new term for me. Can you explain?

mary rosenblum

Cinematic is derived from the word 'cinema' and means just that...a camera takes the picture in effect.

mary rosenblum

You are not inside any character's head, you don't know what anybody thinks, you are not hearing any character's voice. The author is merely describing the action in crisp, clear descriptives.

gail

I was in a car accident once that felt as if time slowed down. Seconds seem to pass as minutes. In those fleeting moments, many trivial sensations were noticed. How is this different from the "action scene"?

mary rosenblum

This is another type of tunnel vision, gail, and is used to make it clear that a particular scene has a powerful impact on the POV character, or when there is a highly dramatic moment.

mary rosenblum

For example, if our 14 year old boy punches out his abusive stepfather after years of submission...

mary rosenblum

time may seem to slow down for him. He may notice the bright, shiny wetness of the blood under his stepfather's nose, the way his right eyebrow is crooked up in surprise...the small fly buzzing about.

mary rosenblum

That is a simulation of shock...

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

mary rosenblum

i'ts also useful if your character is injured.

writermom

sorry I just came in and I want to make sure I understand are you saying that in a large battle scene you can pull out of your mc's pov tto view the battle scene

mary rosenblum

You can if you need to, and if the scene is say, too large for a single POV to show it to us..BUT...you are distancing the reader from the characters when you do it, so it is not USUALLY the best way to do it, but SOMETIMES it is.

speckledorf

Those lessons apply to those of us describing firing guns and such too right?

mary rosenblum

Absolutely.

shoutjoy

how do you know when you get carried away how do you know when to wind it down?

mary rosenblum

This is where good readers help, shout.

mary rosenblum

Another writer can tell you when the action goes on too long. Often it does, if YOU"RE having a great time!

red 1

I almost lost a finger in a battle and I only briefly thought about. I was more concerned with the fight until it ended. Then I assessed the damage.

mary rosenblum

Exactly, red.

mary rosenblum

One of the realities we mimic is the effect of excessive adrenalin in our systems.

mary rosenblum

It really shuts down pain so that it's not until the adrenalin leaves the system that we notice the broken ribs, the torn flesh, the wounds...

scoobysnax21

would you use the same technique if a mother lost her child

mary rosenblum

Sure, scooby...you mean that tunnel vision and slowed-down time, right?

mary rosenblum

That mimics physiological shock.

mary rosenblum

And that can be triggered by physical or psychological trauma.

twhorn

in some instantances, the person involved in the fight may be trained to take notice of certain aspect of the fight, Like a friefighter checking the color of the flame and smoke, can be an indication of acelerants...

mary rosenblum

Exactly, twhorn. I'm sure that if my son the firefighter and I were in a burning house, what each of us noticed would be VASTLY different...

mary rosenblum

and of course, he wouldn't be utterly terrified, since he's been there before! That is why your fight scene is always filtered through your POV.

mary rosenblum

An experienced soldier probably won't see a battle the same way a raw recruit will, although there will be some similarities.

smeagol

Good question, Gail. And Mary, where does it work to the writer's advantange to go slow-mo? I am thinking of the powerful fight scene in the movie "Rocky" where it was painstakingly slow and without sound. When should a writer use this technique in a battle or fight?

mary rosenblum

That was a cinematic technique, smeagol. It is essentially what you do when you withdraw into cinematic POV. When we step outside the battle to describe it...

mary rosenblum

we are doing that same slo-mo camera take in effect, because these events are all happening together and at speed.

mary rosenblum

This is our After Hours Forum, with me, Mary Rosenblum, your web editor. I've published seven novels and more than 60 short stories and will do my best to answer any questions you have. If you're new here, remember that you need to click on the 'Ask a Question' button or the 'word bubble' next to the red question mark at the top of the screen in order to ask a question. Your regular 'send' bar won't reach me! Or you can use /ask and type your question into the regular send bar if that works better for you..

gail

Ah-ha! Lightbulb moment...as Oprah likes to say. Shock may be just the right "vehicle" to allow my story to stay with the POV character. Thanx, Mary!

mary rosenblum

Good, gail! It can be a very effective tool.

red 1

don't forget to mention fatigue. Real people can't go on and on and on and on.... Adreneline is great, but it will only take you so far.

mary rosenblum

And here is one of those things that make fantasy editors roll their eyes....the knights in full armor on a summer day, unhorsed, who go at each other with broadswords for an entire afternoon.

mary rosenblum

HA!

writeaway

couldn't it also be when pov would be fighting one on one..

mary rosenblum

Do you mean slo motion or noticing tiny details, write?

mary rosenblum

Not in the middle of a fight, not if you're writing realistic fiction.

writeaway

the pov would have tunnel vision with enemy as focus

mary rosenblum

Tunnel vision, yes, but you may or may not want time to slow down.

mary rosenblum

That tends to be an indication of extreme stress...shock. That fifteen year old boy who decks his stepfather may perceive the action as slowed down because he is in extreme emotional stress.

mary rosenblum

But the warrior fighting an enemy, while fixed on his opponent with tunnel vision, is probably not going to suffer that 'shock effect' since he's done this before...

mary rosenblum

and is mostly focused on making sure he does the stabbing and doesn't get stabbed.

t green

it's not just fight or crime scenes that need action. how do you make the mundane action seem more... active?

mary rosenblum

Let me tell you, t, it is MUCH harder to get the character across the room than through a fight scene!

mary rosenblum

I'll have to do a forum on making mundane action powerful. That's a whole forum on its own...making the boring scene interesting!

red 1

shock is another crazy thing in battle. The opening scene in Saving Private Ryan does a great job showing many different aspects of shock and soldier point of view. It's a movie, but you can watch it to "feel" what the soldier's are experiencing. Then you can use it as an example for your writing.

mary rosenblum

Thanks red, it's nice to know Hollywood does it right now and again!

mary rosenblum

The critical thing in determining how your character will perceive that battle is...your character.

mary rosenblum

How DOES he or she react to this? It might be with focus and competent agression.

mary rosenblum

It might be in a state of shock where only luck saves his backside.

mary rosenblum

It might be in any of a thousand mental states in between.

mary rosenblum

YOU need to know YOUR character well enough to make that character perceive that battle or action scene or death believably.

smeagol

So, Mary, when writing action scenes of any kind, you would want to consider what you want your reader to feel, or what effect you want to use to draw the reader into the action or battle. I was just thinking of the "Rocky" final fight scene. The reason that the choice was both cinematic and slow-mo was to pull the "reader" or watcher in this case, in and grab them emotionally, give them an emotional stake in the fight. Right?

mary rosenblum

Not being the director I can't tell you exactly what his intention was there, but slow motion DOES highlight the importance of the scene...

mary rosenblum

And you do the same thing in prose.

mary rosenblum

I've read fight scenes, for example, where our POV is very outmatched and as the fight proceeds and that character is beaten...

mary rosenblum

we know he or she is going to lose and likely be killed. And then, through some fortunate circumstance, the POV is lucky enough to kill the unbeatable opponent...

mary rosenblum

and often this moment, as the blade slides in or what have you, the moment stretches out, accentuating the critical importance of this victory...

mary rosenblum

and suggesting the POV's exhaustion and shock at his victory.

gail

There is also "disassociation." The POV is involved in something so physically or emotionally stressful that they become disengaged from their bodies and perceive events as though through a filter.

mary rosenblum

Yes, that can be used very effectively if the POV is doing something that is highly negative to that characater.

mary rosenblum

The POV becomes almost without any sense of character as the POV shuts down all reaction to what he or she is doing.

neesi

How do you make a smooth transition between the two different POVs?

mary rosenblum

If you're shifting from third person to cinematic, I would just do a clean scene break...skip a line and center a * . Do the same thing to transition back to your POV..

mary rosenblum

Oh yes...

mary rosenblum

cinematic does not tend to work as well with a first person POV.

mary rosenblum

Yes, you CAN do it, but it's a MUCH bigger jolt to the reader, and it's darn hard to pull off well.

wolf122

What would you recommend: action scenes at the beginning or end of chapter 1 of a novel (etc.)? Would you build the characters first, then the action, or the other way around?

mary rosenblum

well, action is always a nice way to start any story. :-)

mary rosenblum

Generally, a chapter will be strong if you give it its own dramatic arc.

mary rosenblum

In my novels, each of my chapters rises to some peak of action, even if it's a small peak.

mary rosenblum

It is the roller coaster effect that keeps the story moving strongly for the reader...up, down, up, down, UP, DOWN, up, down...

smeagol

Mary, can you give us a quick example of a one-on-one sword fight between two people? What would the writing look like?

mary rosenblum

Tell you what, smeagol, I'll be posting an article on this very same topic, probably by the end of the weekend. That has an example in it. :-)

mary rosenblum

In fact it has an example of both a good scene and a not so good scene in it. So you can compare...

mary rosenblum

The main thing with action scenes is to really think about what your character perceives...

mary rosenblum

rather than trying to use the scene to feed information to the reader.

mary rosenblum

Use less dramatic scenes for that information feed.

mary rosenblum

Most of us have had traumatic moments in our lives and you can extrapolate your own experience in a car crash, some sort of accident, to convey realistic feelings and responses in your characters.

shayon-joseph

Mary, any books, off the top your head, that show good examples of what we're talking about here tonight? Any favorite authors, that do it well?

mary rosenblum

Scott Card does it well. Nancy Kress.

deb1234

I have a man who needs to finish chanting a spell before a ghost takes on solid form and kills him. How can I intensify the action?

mary rosenblum

I would switch back and forth between the words of the spell and the ghost. Perhaps he finishes the first phrase and the ghost's feet are solid...

mary rosenblum

it reaches for him, not yet solid and he stutters out the second phrase...

mary rosenblum

as its knee bumps a table, knocks it over...

mary rosenblum

By letting us see the transformation in between phrases...you give us the effect of the man constantly looking to see how much more time he has...

writeaway

to me, to much description gets in the way of action

mary rosenblum

It really can, write.

mary rosenblum

Think of action in terms of dramatic arc.

mary rosenblum

We begin slowly, down at 'ground leve' with lots of visuals. We are strolling, not under stress, and we have plenty of time to look around and admire the scenery.

mary rosenblum

Now we hear a growl in the shadows.

mary rosenblum

All of a sudden we want to know what is there. We no longer care about the birds over head, the flowers in the distant meadow...

mary rosenblum

we are focused on that grove of trees and the deep shadow there. What is hiding behind the trunks?

mary rosenblum

Now the sabre tooth leaps out. And we run. All we see are trees...dodge 'em...a rock, jump over...

mary rosenblum

We are looking out for obstacles and that is IT.

mary rosenblum

We have gone from the bottom of that dramatic arc to the peak.

ashton

Is it ok to reflect backwards in time from your pov's start?

mary rosenblum

Sure, ashton. That's a flashback. Just don't do it in the middle of a life and death action scene.

mary rosenblum

No kidding, I had a workshop story once where the author had the POV reflecting on his childhood in the middle of a swordfight.

mary rosenblum

At length.

mary rosenblum

I figured he didn't survive it, myself.

mary rosenblum

Well, this i

mary rosenblum

has been a fun Oregpon

mary rosenblum

I can't type!

mary rosenblum

Must be the huge dog head in my lap...there, that's better!

ashton

Are there any books you'd recommend?

mary rosenblum

Mostly, I'd recommend reading a lot of action scenes, ashton.

mary rosenblum

Ask yourself if they worked...did they really suck you in?

mary rosenblum

If they seem really powerful, look at what the author did, how she used words, what description she included...

mary rosenblum

And if it didn't seem all that strong, try copying it and editing it. See if you can make it stronger.

mary rosenblum

That's an excellent exercise.

mary rosenblum

Thank you all for coming.

mary rosenblum

I'll be posting an article on Writing the Action Scene on the website sometime before the end of the weekend.

mary rosenblum

It has some examples in it.

mary rosenblum

Do drop into our Sunday casual chat...

mary rosenblum

it's just a casual get together...no particular topic...at 5 pm pacific, 6 MT, 7 central, and 8 pm east coast time.

mary rosenblum

I'll post the transcript of this Forum in the usual place: Writing Craft: Forum Transcripts.

mary rosenblum

Have a good weekend, all! See you on the website!

 

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